云南鸟类志 上 非雀形目【2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载】

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总论1

一、云南鸟类的调查研究历史1

（一）云南鸟类的区系调查及物种分类研究1

（二）云南鸟类的生态学和生物学研究12

二、云南鸟类资源及其评价13

（一）自然概况13

（二）云南鸟类资源的多样性14

（三）云南鸟类资源现状分析19

（四）云南鸟类资源的保护22

（五）云南鸟类资源的合理开发利用28

三、云南非雀形目鸟类分布名录总表30

（一）说明30

（二）总表33

四、鸟体形态常用术语及测量方法图注73

各论81

Ⅰ．目PODICIPEDIFORMES81

1．科Podicipedidae81

1．小Podiceps ruficollis81

2．黑颈Podiceps nigricollis84

3．凤头Podiceps cristatus85

Ⅱ．鹈形目PELECANIFORMES87

2．鹈鹕科Pelecanidae87

4．斑嘴鹈鹕Pelecanus philippensis88

3．鸬鹚科Phalacrocoracidae89

5．［普通］鸬鹚Phalacrocorax carbo90

6．斑头鸬鹚Phalacrocorax capillatus91

7．黑颈鸬鹚Phalacrocorax niger92

Ⅲ．鹳形目CICONIIFORMES94

4．鹭科Ardeidae94

8．苍鹭Ardea cinerea95

9．草鹭Ardea purpurea97

10．绿鹭Butorides striatus98

11．池鹭Ardeola bacchus100

12．牛背鹭Bubulcus ibis101

13．大白鹭Egretta alba103

14．白鹭Egretta garzetta104

15．中白鹭Egretta intermedia105

16．黑冠夜鹭Nycticorax nycticorax107

17．黑冠虎斑？Gorsachius melanolophus108

18．黄斑苇？Ixobrychus sinensis110

19．紫背苇？Ixobrychus eurhythmus111

20．栗苇？Ixobrychus cinnamomeus111

21．黑？Dupetor flavicollis113

22．大麻？Botaurus stellaris114

5．鹳科Ciconiidae115

23．白头鹮鹳Ibis leucocephalus116

24．黑鹳Ciconia nigra118

25．秃鹳Leptoptilos javanicus119

6．鹮科Threskiornithidae120

26．圣鹮Threskiornis aethiopicus121

27．黑鹮Pseudibis papillosa122

28．白琵鹭Platalea leucorodia123

Ⅳ．雁形目ANSERIFORMES126

7．鸭科Anatidae126

29．灰雁Anser anser127

30．斑头雁Anser indicus128

31．大天鹅Cygnus cygnus130

32．［栗］树鸭Dendrocygna javanica131

33．赤麻鸭Tadorna ferruginea132

34．翘鼻麻鸭Tadorna tadorna134

35．针尾鸭Anas acuta136

36．绿翅鸭Anas crecca137

37．花脸鸭Anas formosa139

38．罗纹鸭Anas falcata139

39．绿头鸭Anas platyrhynchos140

40．斑嘴鸭Anas poecilorhyncha142

41．赤膀鸭Anas strepera145

42．赤颈鸭Anas penelope146

43．白眉鸭Anas querquedula147

44．琵嘴鸭Anas clypeata148

45．赤嘴潜鸭Netta rufina150

46．红头潜鸭Aythya ferina152

47．白眼潜鸭Aythya nyroca153

48．凤头潜鸭Aythya fuligula154

49．鸳鸯Aix galericulata156

50．棉凫Nettapus coromandelianus158

51．鹊鸭Bucephala clangula160

52．斑头秋沙鸭Mergus albellus161

53．普通秋沙鸭Mergus merganser162

Ⅴ．隼形目FALCONIFORMES165

8．鹰科Accipitridae165

54．黑翅鸢Elanus caeruleus167

55．褐冠鹃隼Aviceda jerdoni169

56．黑冠鹃隼Aviceda leuphotes170

57．凤头蜂鹰Pernis ptilorhynchus172

58．［黑］鸢Milvus migrans174

59．栗鸢Haliastur indus177

60．苍鹰Accipiter gentilis179

61．褐耳鹰Accipiter badius181

62．凤头鹰Accipiter trivigatus182

63．雀鹰Accipiter nisus183

64．松雀鹰Accipiter virgatus185

65．棕尾鵟Buteo rufinus188

66．大鵟Buteo hemilasius189

67．普通鵟Buteo buteo189

68．毛脚鵟Buteo lagopus191

69．灰脸鵟鹰Butastur indicus192

70．棕翅鵟鹰Butastur liventer193

71．高山鹰鵰Spizaetus nipalensis195

72．凤头鹰鵰Spizaetus cirrhatus196

73．金鵰Aquila chrysaetos198

74．白肩鵰Aquila heliaca199

75．草原鵰Aquila rapax200

76．白腹山鵰Aquila fasciata201

77．小鵰Aquila pennata202

78．棕腹隼鵰Aquila kienerii203

79．林鵰Ictinaetus malayensis205

80．黑兀鹫Sarcogyps calvus206

81．秃鹫Aegypius monachus208

82．高山兀鹫Gyps himalayensis209

83．白背兀鹫Gyps bengalensis210

84．胡兀鹫Gypaetus barbatus212

85．白尾鹞Circus cyaneus213

86．鹊鹞Circus melanoleucos214

87．白头鹞Circus aeruginosus215

88．白腹鹞Circus spilonotus217

89．蛇鵰Spilornis cheela219

90．鹗Pandion haliaetus221

9．隼科Falconidae223

91．红腿小隼Microhierax caerulescens223

92．白腿小隼Microhierax melanoleucos224

93．游隼Falco peregrinus226

94．燕隼Falco subbuteo228

95．猛隼Falco severus229

96．灰背隼Falco columbarius230

97．红脚隼Falco vespertinus231

98．黄爪隼Falco naumanni233

99．红隼Falco tinnunculus234

Ⅵ．鸡形目GALLIFORMES238

10．松鸡科Tetraonidae239

100．斑尾榛鸡Tetrastes sewerzowi239

11．雉科Pheasianidae242

101．雪鹑Lerwa lerwa243

102．淡腹雪鸡Tetraogallus tibetanus245

103．雉鹑Tetraophasis obscurus248

104．［中华］鹧鸪Francolinus pintadeanus251

105．鹌鹑Coturnix coturnix252

106．蓝胸鹑Coturnix chinensis254

107．环颈山鹧鸪Arborophila torqueola256

108．绿脚山鹧鸪Arborophila chloropus257

109．红喉山鹧鸪Arborophila rufogularis258

110．白颊山鹧鸪Arborophila atrogularis261

111．褐胸山鹧鸪Arborophila brunneipectus262

112．棕胸竹鸡Bambusicola fytchii263

113．灰胸竹鸡Bambusicola thoracica265

114．血雉Ithaginis cruentus267

115．红胸角雉Tragopan satyra272

116．灰腹角雉Tragopan blythii273

117．红腹角雉Tragopan temminckii274

118．白尾梢虹雉Lophophorus sclateri278

119．绿尾虹雉Lophophorus lhuysii280

120．藏马鸡Crossoptilon crossoptilon282

121．黑鹇Lophura leucomeland285

122．白鹇Lophura nycthemera287

123．原鸡Gallus gallus293

124．勺鸡Pucrasia macrolopha297

125．雉鸡，环颈雉Phasianus colchicus300

126．黑须长尾雉Syrmaticus humiae304

127．白冠长尾雉Syrmaticus reevesii305

128．白腹锦鸡Chrysolophus amherstiae308

129．红腹锦鸡Chrysolophus pictus311

130．灰孔雀雉Polyplectron bicalcaratum314

131．绿孔雀Pavo muticus316

Ⅶ．鹤形目GRUIFORMES320

12．三趾鹑科Turnicidae320

132．黄脚三趾鹑Turnix tanki321

133．棕三趾鹑Turnix suscitator322

13．鹤科Gruidae324

134．灰鹤Grus grus324

135．黑颈鹤Grus nigricollis326

136．丹顶鹤Grus japonensis328

137．赤颈鹤Grus antigone328

14．秧鸡科Rallidae330

138．普通秧鸡Rallus aquaticus331

139．蓝胸秧鸡Rallus striatus332

140．小田鸡Porzana pusilla334

141．红胸田鸡Porzana fusca335

142．棕背田鸡Porzana bicolor336

143．白胸苦恶鸟Amaurornis phoenicurus338

144．董鸡Gallicrex cinerea340

145．黑水鸡，红骨顶Gallinula chloropus342

146．紫水鸡Porphyrio porphyrio344

147．骨顶鸡，白骨顶Fulica atra345

Ⅷ．鸻鸟形目CHARADRIIFORME347

15．雉鸻科Jacanidae348

148．铜翅水雉Metopidius indicus348

149．水雉Hydrophasianus chirurgus350

16．彩鹬科Rostratulidae351

150．彩鹬Rostratula benghalensis352

17．鸻科Charadriidae353

151．凤头麦鸡Vanellus vanellus354

152．灰头麦鸡Vanellus cinereus355

153．肉垂麦鸡Vanellus indicus356

154．距翅麦鸡Vanellus duvaucelii357

155．灰斑鸻Pluvialis squatarola359

156．金斑鸻Pluvialis dominica360

157．长嘴鸻Charadrius placidus361

158．金眶鸻Charadrius dubius362

159．环颈鸻Charadrius alexandrinus363

18．鹬科Scolopacidae365

160．黑尾塍鹬Limosa limosa366

161．鹤鹬Tringa erythropus367

162．红脚鹬Tringa totanus368

163．青脚鹬Tringa nebularia369

164．白腰草鹬Tringa ochropus370

165．林鹬Tringa glareola371

166．矶鹬Tringa hypoleucos372

167．翘嘴鹬Xenus cinereus373

168．孤沙锥Capella solitaria374

169．林沙锥Capella nemoricola375

170．针尾沙锥Capella stenura376

171．扇尾沙锥Capella gallinago377

172．丘鹬Scolopax rusticola378

173．红胸滨鹬Calidris ruficollis380

174．长趾滨鹬Calidris subminuta380

175．乌脚滨鹬Calidris temminckii381

176．尖尾滨鹬Calidris acuminata382

19．反嘴鹬科Recurvirostridae382

177．鹮嘴鹬Ibidorhyncha struthersii383

178．黑翅长脚鹬Himantopus himantopus384

20．瓣蹼鹬科Phalaropodidae385

179．红颈瓣蹼鹬Phalaropus lobatus385

21．石鸻科Burhinidae386

180．石鸻Esacus magnirostris387

22．燕鸻科Glareolidae388

181．普通燕鸻Glareola maldivarum389

182．灰燕鸻Glareola lactea389

Ⅸ．鸥形目LARIFORMES392

23．鸥科Laridae392

183．黑尾鸥Larus crassirostris393

184．海鸥Larus canus394

185．银鸥Larus argentatus394

186．灰背鸥Larus schistisagus395

187．红嘴鸥Larus ridibundus396

188．棕头鸥Larus brunnicephalus397

189．细嘴鸥Larus genei398

190．须浮鸥Chlidonias hybrida399

191．黄嘴河燕鸥Sterna aurantia400

192．黑腹燕鸥Sterna acuticauda402

193．白额燕鸥Sterna albifrons402

Ⅹ．鸽形目COLUMBIFORMES404

24．鸠鸽科Columbidae404

194．针尾绿鸠Treron apicauda405

195．楔尾绿鸠Treron sphenura408

196．黄脚绿鸠Treron phoenicoptera410

197．厚嘴绿鸠Treron curvirostra412

198．灰头绿鸠Treron pompadora413

199．绿皇鸠Ducula aenea415

200．山皇鸠Ducula badia416

201．雪鸽Columba leuconota418

202．岩鸽Columba rupestris419

203．点斑林鸽Columba hodgsonii420

204．灰林鸽Columba pulchricollis421

205．斑尾鹃鸠Macropygia unchall422

206．棕头鹃鸠Macropygia ruficeps423

207．山斑鸠Streptopelia orientalis425

208．灰斑鸠Streptopelia decaocto428

209．珠颈斑鸠Streptopelia chinensis429

210．火斑鸠Oenopopelia tranquebarica432

211．绿背金鸠Chalcophaps indica433

Ⅺ．鹦形目PSITTACIFORMES435

25．鹦鹉科Psittacidae435

212．绯胸鹦鹉Psittacula alexandri436

213．大紫胸鹦鹉Psittacula derbiana437

214．花头鹦鹉Psittacula cyanocephala439

215．灰头鹦鹉Psittacula himalayana440

216．短尾鹦鹉Loriculus vernalis442

Ⅻ．鹃形目CUCULIFORMES444

26．杜鹃科Cuculidae445

217．红翅凤头鹃Clamator coromandus446

218．鹰鹃Cuculus sparverioides448

219．棕腹杜鹃Cuculus fugax449

220．四声杜鹃Cuculus micropterus450

221．大杜鹃Cuculus canorus451

222．中杜鹃Cuculus saturatus453

223．小杜鹃Cuculus poliocephalus455

224．栗斑杜鹃Cuculus sonneratii456

225．八声杜鹃Cuculus merulinus457

226．翠金鹃Chalcites maculatus459

227．紫金鹃Chalcites xanthorhynchus460

228．乌鹃Surniculus lugubris462

229．噪鹃Eudynamys scolopacea463

230．绿嘴地鹃Phaenicophaeus tristis465

231．褐翅鸦鹃Centropus sinensis467

232．小鸦鹃Centropus toulou468

ⅩⅢ．鸮形目STRIGIFORMES472

27．草鸮科Tytonidae473

233．仓鸮Tyto alba473

234．草鸮Tyto capensis475

235．栗鸮Phodilus badius477

28．鸱鸮科Strigidae479

236．黄嘴角鸮Otus spilocephalus480

237．红角鸮Otus scops481

238．领角鸮Otus bakkamoena482

239．鵰鸮Bubo bubo485

240．林鵰鸮Bubo nipalensis487

241．褐渔鸮Ketupa zeylonensis490

242．黄脚渔鸮Ketupa flavipes491

243．马来渔鸮Ketupa ketupu493

244．领鸺鹠Glaucidium brodiei493

245．斑头鸺鹠Glaucidium cuculoides495

246．鹰鸮Ninox scutulata499

247．褐林鸮Strix leptogrammica502

248．灰林鸮Strix aluco503

249．短耳鸮Asio flammeus506

ⅩⅣ．夜鹰目CAPRIMULGIFORMES508

29．蟆口鸱科Podargidae508

250．黑顶蛙嘴夜鹰Batrachostomus hodgsoni509

30．夜鹰科Caprimulgidae510

251．毛腿夜鹰Eurostopodus macrotis510

252．普通夜鹰Caprimulgus indicus512

253．长尾夜鹰Caprimulgus macrurus514

254．林夜鹰Caprimulgus affinis515

ⅩⅤ．雨燕目APODIFORMES517

31．雨燕科Apodidae517

255．短嘴金丝燕Collocalia brevirostris518

256．白喉针尾雨燕Hirundapus caudacutus520

257．白腰雨燕Apus pacificus521

258．小白腰雨燕Apus affinis524

259．棕雨燕Cypsiurus parvus526

32．凤头雨燕科Hemiprocnidae527

260．凤头雨燕Hemiprocne longipennis527

ⅩⅥ 咬鹃目TROGONIFORMES530

33．咬鹃科Trogonidae530

261．橙胸咬鹃Harpactes oreskios530

262．红头咬鹃Harpactes erythrocephalus532

263．红腹咬鹃Harpactes wardi535

ⅩⅦ．佛法僧目CORACIIFORMES536

34．翠鸟科Alcedinidae537

264．冠鱼狗Ceryle lugubris537

265．斑鱼狗Ceryle rudis539

266．斑头大翠鸟Alcedo hercules540

267．普通翠鸟Alcedo atthis541

268．蓝耳翠鸟Alcedo meninting543

269．三趾翠鸟Ceyx erithacus545

270．鹳嘴翡翠Pelargopsis capensis546

271．赤翡翠Halcyon coromanda548

272．白胸翡翠Halcyon smyrnensis549

273．蓝翡翠Halcyon pileata551

35．蜂虎科Meropidae552

274．黑胸蜂虎Merops leschenaulti552

275．栗喉蜂虎Merops philippinus554

276．绿喉蜂虎Merops orientalis555

277．栗头蜂虎Merops viridis557

278．［蓝须］夜蜂虎Nyctyornis athertoni559

36．佛法僧科Coraciidae560

279．棕胸佛法僧Coracias benghalensis561

280．三宝鸟Eurystomus orientalis563

37．戴胜科Upupidae564

281．戴胜Upupa epops565

38．犀鸟科Bucerotidae567

282．白喉［小盔］犀鸟Ptilolaemus tickelli568

283．棕颈［无盔］犀鸟Aceros nipalensis569

284．冠斑犀鸟Anthracoceros coronatus570

285．双角犀鸟Buceros bicornis572

ⅩⅧ．形目PICIFORMES575

39．须科Capitonidae575

286．大拟啄木鸟Megalaima virens576

287．斑头绿拟啄木鸟Megalaima zeylanica578

288．金喉拟啄木鸟Megalaima franklinii579

289．蓝喉拟啄木鸟Megalaima asiatica581

290．蓝耳拟啄木鸟Megalaima australis584

291．赤胸拟啄木鸟Megalaima haemacephala585

40．响蜜科Indicatoridae587

292．黄腰响蜜Indicator xanthonotus587

41．啄木鸟科Picidae588

293．蚁Jynx torquilla589

294．斑姬啄木鸟Picumnus innominatus591

295．棕啄木鸟Sasia ochracea593

296．栗啄木鸟Micropternus brachyurus595

297．鳞腹啄木鸟Picus vittatus598

298．鳞喉绿啄木鸟Picus xanthopygaeus599

299．黑枕绿啄木鸟Picuscanus600

300．红玉颈绿啄木鸟Picus rabieri603

301．大黄冠绿啄木鸟Picus flavinucha604

302．黄冠绿啄木鸟Picus chlorolophus606

303．金背三趾啄木鸟Dinopium javanense608

304．竹啄木鸟Gecinulus grantia609

305．大灰啄木鸟Mulleripicus pulverulentus611

306．黑啄木鸟Dryocopus martius612

307．白腹黑啄木鸟Dryocopus javensis613

308．大斑啄木鸟Dendrocopos major615

309．黄颈啄木鸟Dendrocopos darjellensis618

310．赤胸啄木鸟Dendrocopos cathpharius619

311．棕腹啄木鸟Dendrocopos hyperythrus622

312．纹胸啄木鸟Dendrocopos atratus624

313．星头啄木鸟Dendrocopos canicapillus625

314．三趾啄木鸟Picoides tridactylus629

315．黄嘴噪啄木鸟Blythipicus pyrrhotis630

316．金背啄木鸟Chrysocolaptes lucidus633

参考文献635

中文名索引（Index of Chinese Names）644

英文名索引（Index of English Names）649

拉丁名索引（Index of Scientific Names）656